A Goddess a Day

Amber Dorrian, Seth Auberon, TEAM BHUMI DEVA, Wisdom Quarterly; GoddessADay.org

Amatheia (pronounced ah-ma-THEE-uh) is an ancient Greek devi -- a daughter of Nereus, one of the goddesses of the sea or Nereids. "God and goddesses"? In Buddhist terms these are terrestrial and celestial (space) devas. They are born of Doris, an Okeanid. Sea nymphs are water elementals who care for bodies of water, the ocean, and its inhabitants. Ancients explained water-related phenomena and its functions as the activity of these powerful entities. Amathea (“nourisher”) was thought of as the devi or mermaid who looked after the development of young fishes (various species of fish).

 

Goddess of Mercy (elfwood)

Are there Buddhist goddesses? There are! The most famous is the bodhisattva of compassion Kwan Yin, often shown as a sea goddess riding a sea serpent (naga). The imagery symbolizes the power of compassion to soothe and smooth out samsara, frequently depicted as a flood, deluge, or ocean to cross over. Wisdom, a goddess called Prajna Paramita ("Perfection of Wisdom") or Khema (the Buddha's chief nun disciple "foremost in wisdom"), transcends samsara. 
 

Other "Buddhist goddesses" may not be devas at all but simply famous women honored with the title devi (queen, ruler, or stunning beauty): Taras (Buddhist Goddesses of India), Tibetan deities, Dharma guardians, particularly those from the realm of the Four Great Sky Rulers of the quadrants, Ven. Uppalavanna Theri (a Buddhist Lakshmi/Saraswati), princesses and female warriors of non-human tribes, Bhumi (Mother Earth), who saved Siddhartha when he outdid Mara the killer and obstacle to enlightenment.

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Under the Bodhi tree (sutra)

Wisdom Quarterly translation (see Ven. Anandajoti version)

Under the sprawling Bodhi tree, I saved you [all] and you [all] saved me.

 

Meditators, “this is the noble truth of disappointment.”
 
Regarding things never before heard by me knowledge arose, vision arose, wisdom arose, understanding arose, light arose.

Now to that which “this is the noble truth of disappointment” refers, that ought to be fully understood.

It has been fully understood.

Now to that which “this is the noble truth of the arising of disappointment” refers [craving bound up with ignorance], that ought to be given up.
 
It has been given up.

“This is the noble truth of the cessation of disappointment.”

Now to that which “this is the noble truth of the cessation of disappointment” refers [nirvana], that ought to be experienced.

It has been experienced.

“This is the noble truth of the practice leading to the cessation of disappointment.”

Now to that which “this is the noble truth of the practice leading to the end of disappointment” refers [the path], that ought to be developed.

It has been developed.

Declaring enlightenment

Meditators, for so long as these Four [Ennobling] Truths -- in three ways, twelvefold -- were unclear to me, without being directly known-and-seen, for that long, meditators, did I refrain from declaring to the world -- with its devas, killers, divinities, to this generation with its ascetics and priests, princes, and people -- that I was a full and supremely-enlightened teacher of devas and humans unsurpassably awakened.

But, meditators, when these Four Noble Truths... were clear to me, directly known-and-seen, then did I declare to the world...that I was a full and supremely-awakened teacher of devas and humans unsurpassably enlightened.

This knowledge-and-vision arose: Certain is my freedom of heart/mind; this is my last rebirth; there is no more of [this disappointment] to come.” More

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Turning the True Wheel (sutra)

Seven, Wisdom Quarterly, FIRST SERMON, based on Ven. Nanamoli translation, "Setting in Motion the Wheel of the Dharma Discourse" (Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, SN 56.11)

The Supremely Enlightened Buddha (KanikaBadwal/flickr.com)

Thus have I heard. At one time the Buddha was living in Benares at the Deer Park in the Resort of Seers (Isipatana). There he addressed the group of five.

 

Gold Buddha, Thai cave (Cdammen/flickr)

"These two extremes ought not be cultivated by one who has gone forth from the household-life [as a spiritual seeker in search of truth]. What two? Devotion to indulgence taking pleasure in the objects of sensual desire, [a habit] which is inferior, low, vulgar, ignoble, and leads to no higher good. In contrast, there is devotion to self-torment [severe asceticism], which is painful, ignoble, and leads to no higher good.

 

"The middle way discovered by perfectly enlightened one[s] avoids both extremes. It yields vision, yields knowledge, and leads to peace, to wisdom (direct knowing), to discovery, to nirvana (the end of all suffering). What is that middle way? 

 

"It is the Noble Eightfold Path, namely, right view, right intention; right speech, right action, right livelihood; right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration. This is the Middle Way discovered by supremely enlightened one[s]... 

• [Samma is a multivalent term being translated as perfect, supreme, and "right"; it also means whole, full, complete.]

[FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS]

The Buddha under umbrella (Saminla88/flickr)

"DISAPPOINTMENT (dukkha, suffering, unsatisfactoriness, misery, woe, ill), as an ennobling truth, is this: Birth is disappointing, aging is disappointing, sickness is disappointing, death is disappointing, sorrow and crying, pain, grief and despair are disappointing; connection with things disliked is disappointing, separation from things liked is disappointing, not getting what one wants is disappointing -- in short, the Five Aggregates of Clinging are disappointing [that is, identifying with the psycho-physical components of existence is disappointing].

  

"The ORIGIN of disappointment (suffering), as an ennobling truth, is this: It is craving [as one of the 12 links in the causal chain of dependently originated suffering rooted in ignorance] that produces rebirth (again-becoming, renewal of being, renewed existence) accompanied by enjoyment and lust, thirsting after this and that, craving for strands of sensual pleasure, craving for continued existence, and/or craving for nonexistence.

 

"CESSATION of suffering, as an ennobling truth, is this: It is the remainderless fading and ceasing, giving up, abandoning, letting go, and rejecting of that very [kind of] craving.

 

"The WAY leading to the cessation of disappointment, as an ennobling truth, is this: It is this Noble Eightfold Path: right view, right intention; right speech, right action, right livelihood; right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration. [The eight path factors are distinguished into three categories: wisdom or insight, virtue or morality, and meditation or concentration.]

 

[TWELVE ASPECTS, THREE PHASES]

Wheel halo (Buddhism.about.com)

"'Disappointment, its origin, its cessation, and the way leading to its cessation, as [four] ennobling truths, are this.' Such was the vision, the knowledge, the understanding, the discovery, the light of wisdom that arose regarding things never before heard by me. 

 

"'They can be diagnosed.' Such was the vision, the knowledge... 'They have been diagnosed.' Such was the vision, the knowledge... 'They can be abandoned.' Such was the vision, the knowledge... 

 

"'They have been abandoned.' Such was the vision, the knowledge... 

 

"''They can be verified.' Such was the vision, the knowledge... 

"'They have been verified.' Such was the vision, the knowledge... the light of wisdom that arose regarding things never before heard by me...

   

"As long as my knowing-and-seeing of how things are was not yet purified in these 12 aspects, in these three phases, for each of the Four Noble Truths, I did not claim in the world -- with its shining ones (devas), its killers (maras), its divinities (brahmas), in this generation with its ascetics (shamans) and priests (Brahmins), with its princes and people -- to have discovered supreme enlightenment.

[KNOWING-AND-SEEING]

Siddhartha and the group of five fellow practitioners including Kondañña

"But as soon as my knowing-and-seeing of how things are was purified in these 12 aspects, in these three phases, for each of these four ennobling truths, then did I claim in the world -- with its shining ones, its killers, its divinities, in this generation with its ascetics and priests, its princes and people -- to have discovered supreme enlightenment. 

"Knowledge and vision arose in me thus: 'My mind/heart's deliverance is unassailable. This is my last birth. There is no more [suffering or] renewal of being.'"

 

That is what the Buddha said. The group of five were glad and approved of his words.

 
[THE ONE WHO KNOWS]

During this utterance, there arose in Kondañña the spotless, immaculate vision of (insight into) the Dharma: "Whatever is subject to arising is also subject to [immediate] cessation."

 

When the True Wheel (the Wheel of the Dharma) had thus been set a'rolling by the Buddha the earthbound devas raised a call: "In Benares, at the Deer Park in the Resort of Seers, the matchless Wheel of the Dharma has been set a'rolling by the Blessed One, not to be stopped by ascetic or priest or shining one or killer or divinity or anyone in the world!"

  

On hearing the earthbound-devas' call, all of the devas in the six Sense Sphere deva worlds took up the call until it reached beyond Brahma's Retinue in the Fine-Material Sphere.

 

And so indeed at that hour, at that moment, the call soared up to the Brahma World, and this ten-thousandfold world-system shook and rocked and quaked. Moreover, a great measureless radiance surpassing the splendor of the shining ones shone throughout the world.

 

Then the Buddha exclaimed: "Kondañña knows! Kondañña knows!" That is how he got his name, Añña-Kondañña, which mean Kondañña-who-knows.

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Zen Koan: Gokoku's Three Shames

Wisdom Quarterly; Book of Equanimity; Koan Study Group, PasaDharma.org

PREFACE TO THE ASSEMBLY

The person without clothing is indeed a naked heretic.

The person who doesn't chew a grain of rice is certainly the burned-face demon king.

Even if you were born in a holy place, you can't avoid falling from the top of the pole.

Is there anything to cover up this shame?

MAIN CASE

Attention!

A monk asked Gokoku, "When a crane stands upon a withered pine, then what?"

Gokoku said, "On the ground below, it's a shame."

The monk then asked, "When dripping water freezes, what then?"

Gokoku replied, "After sunrise, it's a shame."

The monk then asked, "At the time of Esho's persecution of Buddhism,

Where were the good gods [kami, ten, tiān, devas] to protect the Dharma?"

Gokoku said, "For the two guardians of the triple gate, it's a shame."

APPRECIATORY VERSE

Vigorous in the prime of life, one's temples are not yet grey;

A man who doesn't exert himself is not awarded nobility.

Instead recall the family members of unbroken honor;

The brook for washing ears is not for watering the ox.

Commentary

Pagoda Toji, Kyoto, Japan

Comments cannot hope to make clear a koan -- which presents a riddle or conundrum that leads to insight when one realizes the futility of linear reasoning. These comments, therefore, are only meant to set the proper historical stage for pondering the story and averting misguided assumptions particular to our social and historical setting.

   

Preface to the Assembly

A "heretic" is simply anyone professing another dharma or doctrine of liberation, of which there were six famous Indian teachers at the time of the historical Buddha. The Jains were famous for their extreme asceticism and spiritual nudity. The Buddha pointed out the concern with external matters leaving internal ones untended. If one moves toward more and more asceticism, it is presumed less and less internal work is actually being done. The outside cannot cure the inside, but the inside can.

Prof.sor Buswell (The Zen Monastic Experience)

What sort of person eschews the "staff of life" (rice rather than wheat) in Asia? At that time in China or Japan, it would have been unimaginable. (Food allergies are a modern phenomenon related to genetic manipulation, pesticides, contaminants like aflatoxin, and our confused and damaged immune systems. Moreover, who is the "burned face demon king"?

   

It would seem to be Mara, who delights in erecting obstacles to liberation. He is the leader of armies of yakkhas or rakshasas, which are ogres that are often called "demons." It may refer to Yama, the King of the Dead, who is the leader of wardens on hellish planes of torment (niraya loka). But Yama is not regarded as evil nor are the tormentors in hells as understood in the West. While they seem to delight in their work, it is said that they are creations of the person who falls into the Great Waste, unfortunate destinations of rebirth due to the fruition of unskillful karma.

Even if one is born in a heaven or a good and prosperous human home, one is sure to fall eventually into realms of woe. Why? Simply speaking, in the absence of enlightenment/awakening or enlightened guidance teaching us the nature of this world and the worlds to come (other worlds one may be reborn in and the karma that leads to those abodes), we engage in unprofitable karma. Because of ignorance, greed and aversion are dependently originated. Therefore, the highest highs do not prevent one from falling to the lowest lows. Stream entry means safety; all other kinds of spiritual attainments only delay the revolving of samsara (wheel of life and death) and the cycling through unfortunate rebirth destinations. 

  

There are more than Six Realms emphasized by Zen and Chinese Mahayana, which is often only talking about the lowest of three spheres. It is indeed a shame that no matter how lovely one looks, how safe one feels in a particular rebirth, there is hell to come, ignominy, devastation. The Dharma exists to prevent this, but we ourselves set off on the path, practice the techniques, calm the mind/heart and develop liberating insight. What can disguise or "cover up" this pitiful situation, this "shame"?

Main Case

Gokoku Jinja, Osaka, Japan

Gokoku is a wise Zen master being asked, When a bird meant to wade and poke around in water instead stands on a dessicated tree -- like a tall pole from which it will fall -- what about that? It's a shame, Gokoku replies, on the ground.

When what is of a nature to be fluid and drip temporarily freezes and holds, what about that? the monk goes on.

Gokoku thinks that's a shame, too: After the dark, when it's coldest and being held by such cold, this position will not be something the water can hold. It will drip and fall.

The monk gets historical to the time of the ruler Esho who resisted the spread of the Dharma, the teaching of liberation making use of one's own efforts rather than depending totally on a priesthood or elite class of spiritual interpreters. Buddhism upset the cart and was persecuted, suppressed, and inadvertently made more attractive. The truth, like the sun and moon, cannot be kept hidden for long.

Why did the helpful devas (generally superior space beings) not prevent this counter-revolution? What did they know about the ultimate effects of intervening and letting the oppression play itself out? Esho's efforts would only help entrench the Dharma; opposition would only strengthen it or at least spur interest in it.

Gokoku makes reference to the typical layout of a temple compound, "the triple gate," with its two watchmen. While they fail to guard, yet what the temple is guarding is safe. The temple complex is not the Dharma. So even if it is ruined to the chagrin of gatekeepers, the Gateless Gate is still there. The ideas, lessons, practical instructions still exist even when the external elements are attacked.

Appreciatory Verse

"Look!" - "It's a shame."

Near the beginning, one has not yet aged enough to show it. But temples, the sides of the head, will show it. (No clever reference to religious temples are likely being implied in Chinese or Japanese). How foolish a person is not to make an effort for liberation, or at least the storing up merit that will be carried into the future when everything else has to be left behind, when one is strong and full of vigor.

The way to noble attainments is exertion, not to be confused with over-efforting. Rather than going down that road, reflect and contemplate on lineages of enlightened persons, who made the right effort (the balanced effort) and succeeded. This will inspire one in a very profitable way.

The pure, clean water for hearers (shravakas) devoted to hearing the Dharma to use to ready themselves to receive instruction and explanation is not the same H20 used for dousing the oxen, which need not be as pure or precious. H20 is H20 but the source matters for what it is to be used for, a supramundane or mundane task.

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